ESL Bilingual and Multicultural Resource Guide
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This resource guide is a place where educators and researchers from the WSU community can contribute and discuss ESL/Bilingual issues in education with others.
Please add new links and information to share on this page using the edit button (login using WSU network ID and password). Discuss these ideas on the Talk page..
If you wish to add quick links to the right, you can edit Template:InfoboxESL (hint: wiki markup is required, but if you follow the pattern by adding links after the | it's easy).
Professional Organizations
- Washington Association for the Education of Speakers of Other Languages (WAESOL)
Organizations
- National Council of Teachers of English
- National Education Association
- Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages
- American Civil Liberties Union
- Linguistic Society of America
Government Resources
Local
Pullman School District
Community
- Neill Public Library is currently hosting free ESL classes.
State
Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction (OSPI)
National
United States Department of Education
Online ESL/Bilingual Glossaries
- ESOL/Bilingual Terminology
- Glossary National Clearinghouse for English Language Acquisition and Language Instruction Educational Programs (NCELA FAQ No. 10).
Books
- Crawford, James (2004). Educating English Learners: Language Diversity in the Classroom. Bilingual Educational Services, Inc.
Online ESL Bibliographies
- NYS Education Department Bilingual Education Bibliography.
- [http://www.alliance.brown.edu/pubs/pos/biblio.shtml Annotated Bibliography on
Successful Bilingual Education]. Brown University.
- Positive Practices. Bilingual Education Index.
- Heritage Languages Bibliography. Alliance for the Advancement of Heritage Languages
International
- SIL publications on Bilingual education listed by country.
Resource Centers
- Arizona Language Policy Research
- California English Learner Initiative. California Science Project.
- CREDE Center for Research on Education, Diversity and Excellence. Berkeley, CA.
- University of California Linguistic Minority Research Institute. A University of California Multi-Campus Research Unit.
Other Web Sites of Interest
- James Crawford's Language Policy Web Site
- Jim Cummins's ESL and Second Language Learning Web
- Dave's ESL Cafe
- English Language Learner KnowledgeBase
- FairTest
- Harvard Civil Rights Project
- Stephen Krashen Online
- Native Web: Resources for Indigenous Cultures around the World
- NoChildLeft.com
- Portraits of Success
- Teaching Indigenous Languages
Early Childhood
- National Association for the Education of Young Children home page provides links to early childhood educational issues.
- National Center for Early Development and Learning A site associated with the University of North Carolina, which provides information for educators on current early childhood development issues.
- National Institute for Early Childhood Development and Education. This site provides educators and parents current information on early childhood education and links back to the U.S. Department of Education’s home page.
Elementary Education
- Reading Rockets. A site developed by public television station WETA and the IDEAS at Work project. This site links to articles and summaries concerning contemporary educational issues.
English as a Second Language (ESL)
- Center for Applied Linguistics(CAL). This site links to From Theory to Practice, addressing ten educational issues and how to close the gap between theory and what happens in the classroom.
- ESCORT. This is a CAL site with two starter kits that can be downloaded: “Help! They Don’t Speak English”, and “The Help! Kit for
Secondary Teachers of Migrant English Language Learners”.
- National Clearinghouse for English Language Acquisition (NCELA, formerly National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education). NCELA is operated by George Washington University, but funded through the U.S. Department
of Education. Articles on current issues concerning English Language Acquisition
Family Literacy
- National Center for Family Literacy. This site is the home page of the National Center for Family Literacy. It will link to national conferences, the Family Literacy Alliance, publications, and much more.
- Virtual Library National Parent Information Network. The virtual library available at this site provides articles for parents and educators to strengthen the tie between parents and schools.
Family Partnerships
Diversity & Demographics
Bilingualism
United States Census Bureau
- Census 2000
- James Crawford Making Sense of Census 2000
- Campbell J. Gibson and Emily Lennon (1999) Historical Census Statistics on the Foreign-born Population of the United States: 1850-1990
- Language Use U.S. Census
- Characteristics of American Indians by Tribe and Language 1990 Census of Population
NYU Longitudinal Immigration Projects (formerly Harvard)
- Suárez-Orozco’s longitudinal studies of the effects of immigration on children, youth and families. More Harvard Educational Review Fall 2001, v.71, n.3.
National Center for Education Statistics
- Paper: Are Limited English Proficient (LEP) Students Being Taught by Teachers with LEP Training?
- U.S. dropout rates 2002-2003.
- Paper(1997): 1993-94 Schools and Staffing Survey: A Profile of Policies and Practices for Limited English Proficient Students: Screening Methods, Program Support, and Teacher Training.
National Clearinghouse for English Language Acquisition
- Anstrom, Kris (1996). [ http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/pubs/directions/09.htm Defining The Limited-English Proficient Student Population].
- Kindler, Anneka Survey of the States' Limited English Proficient Students and Available Educational Programs and Services 2000-2001 Summary Report
President's Advisory Commission on Educational Excellence for Hispanic Americans
Urban Institute
- Ruiz-de-Velasco, J., Fix, M. and Clewell, B. (2000). Overlooked and Underserved: Immigrant Students in U.S. Secondary Schools
- Fix, M. and Passel, J. (2001). [ http://www.urban.org/publications/900417.html U.S. Immigration at the Beginning of the 21st Century]. Testimony before the Subcommittee on Immigration and Claims Hearing on "The U.S. Population and Immigration" Committee on the Judiciary U.S. House of Representatives.
- Fix, M. and Passel, J. (2003). U.S. Immigration: Trends and Implications for Schools
U.S. Department of Education
U.S. Department of Homeland Security
California Department of Education
English Learners
Bilingual Education
- Marsh, Leona (1995). The Spanish Dual Literacy Program: Teaching to the Whole Student
Center for Applied Linguistics
- Directory of Two-Way Bilingual Programs
- Heritage Languages Initiative
- Newcomer Database for Secondary School Programs
- Newcomers: Language and Academic Programs for Recent Immigrants
- CAL Online Resource Guide
Addressing Fallacies
Center for the Education and Study of Diverse Populations
Kate Menken
Center for Research on Education, Diversity, and Excellence
- Genesee, F. ed., (1999) Program Alternatives for Linguistically Diverse Students.
- Short, D. and Echevarria, J. (1999). The Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol: A Tool for Teacher-Researcher Collaboration and Professional Development
ERIC Digests
- Crandall, Joann (1993). Content-Centered Language Learning
- Rennie, J. (1993). ESL and Bilingual Program Models
- From At-Risk to Excellence: Principles for Practice (1997)
by the Center for Research on Education, Diversity, and Excellence
- Tucker, R. G., (1999). A Global Perspective on Bilingualism and Bilingual Education
- Promoting Successful Transition to the Mainstream: Effective Instructional Strategies for Bilingual Students (1999) by the Center for Research on Education, Diversity, and Excellence.
- Fortune, T. and Tedick, D. (2003). What Parents Want To Know About Foreign Language Immersion Programs
Language Policy Web Site
- Krashen, S. (2000). Bilingual Education, the Acquisition of English, and the Retention and Loss of Spanish
National Center for Research on Cultural Diversity and Second Language Learning
- Garcia, E. (1991). The Education of Linguistically and Culturally Diverse Students: Effective Instructional Practices
- McLaughlin, B. (1992). Myths and Misconceptions about Second Language Learning: What Every Teacher Needs To Unlearn
National Clearinghouse for English Language Acquisition
- Framing Effective Practice: Topics and Issues in Educating English Language Learners (2000)
- Glossary of Terms Related to the Education of Linguistically and Culturally Diverse Students
- Zelasko, N. and Antunez, B. (2000). If Your Child Learns in Two Languages. In several languages.
- Friedlander, M. (1991). The Newcomer Program: Helping Immigrant Students Succeed in U.S. Schools
- Newcomer Programs
- Bishop, A. (2000). Technology Trends and Their Potential for Bilingual Education
U.S. Department of Education
- Riley, R. (2000). Excelencia para Todos – Excellence for All
Language Policies
- Robinson, D. (1988). Language Policy and Planning
- Brecht, R. and Ingold, C. (2002). Tapping a National Resource: Heritage Languages in the U.S.
- Mercator: Linguistic Rights and Legislation Executive Order 13166, European Union.
- Coordination and Review Section, Civil Rights Division, U.S. Department of Justice
- President Bill Clinton, (2000). Improving Access to Services for Persons with Limited English Proficiency. Executive Order.
- Kallen, Horace, (1915). Democracy Versus the Melting Pot
- Madison, James, (1788). The Federalist, No. 51
- National Foreign Language Center: [ http://www.nflc.org/security/background.htm Language and National Security]
- Nunberg, Geoffrey, (1992). The Official English Movement: Reimagining America
- Alexis de Tocqueville, ( Unlimited Power of the Majority in the United States, and Its Consequences
- UNESCO Courier, (2000). Languages: Conflict or Coexistence?.
- Booth, William, (1998). [ http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/meltingpot/melt0222.htm The Myth of the Melting Pot: America's Racial and Ethnic Divides]. Washington Post.
History
- John Adams (1780). Proposal for an American Language Academy
- Atkins, J.D.C. (1887). Exerpts of the Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs. More.
- Ovando, C. (2003). Bilingual Education in the United States: Historical Development and Current Issues.
- California Constitutional Convention (1879). Debate on English-Only Provision
- Court Decision (1923). Meyer v. Nebraska, U.S. Supreme Court.
- More History links on [James Crawford’s Web Site
- Yale Law School: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo(1848).
Court Decisions
- Arizona Language Policy Center Selected Court Cases
- Castañeda v. Pickard (1981) 5th Circuit Court of Appeals.
- Lau v. Nichols (1974). U.S. Supreme Court.
- PBS Summary and *Lau v. Nichols at Wikipedia.
- Plyler v. Doe (1982), U.S. Supreme Court, at Wikipedia.
Federal Legislation
- History of the Bilingual Education Act at Wikipedia.
- History of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 at Wikipedia.
Rethinking Bilingual Education
- Rethinking Schools Online: History of Bilingual Education Volume 12, No. 3 - Spring 1998.
- Stewner-Manzanares, Gloria The Bilingual Education Act: Twenty Years Later
- Crawford, James (2001). La Educación Bilingüe en Estados Unidos: Política versus Pedagogía (2001)
- Crawford, James (2000). Language Politics in the U.S.A.: The Paradox of Bilingual Education
National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education
- [The Bilingual Education Act: A Legislative Analysis (1980)
by Arnold H. Leibowitz
- [State Legislation
U.S. Commission on Civil Rights
- Hakuta, Kenji, (2001). The Education of Language Minority Students.
- U.S. Office for Civil Rights. ELL Resources
English Only
Organizations who have taken a position against English-only legislation:
- American Civil Liberties Union
- Linguistic Society of America
- National Council of Teachers of English
- National Education Association
- Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages
Organizations that support English-only legislation:
English-only articles
- Crawford, James, (2000). Anatomy of the English Only Movement
- Crawford, James, (1992). Hispanophobia
Theory
Educational Research
- Cummins, J. (1999). Educational Research in Bilingual Education
Stephen Krashen
- Krashen, S. (1998). A Note on Greene's Meta-Analysis
National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education
- August, D and Hakuta, K. eds. (1997). Improving Schooling for Language-Minority Children: A Research Agenda.
Basic Research on Language Acquisition
- MacSwan, J., Rolstad, K. and Glass, G. (2002). Do Some School-Age Children Have No Language?
- Cummins, J. (2000). Putting Language Proficiency in Its Place: Responding to Critiques of the Conversational/Academic Language Distinction
- Fillmore, L., Snow, C., (2000). What Teachers Need To Know about Language.
- Kenji Hakuta et al. Critical Evidence: A Test of the Critical Period Hypothesis for Second Language Acquisition
Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences
- MacSwan, Jeff, (2000). The Threshold Hypothesis, Semilingualism, and Other Contributions to a Deficit View of Linguistic Minorities.
- Garcia, G.N. (2000). What Is the Length of Time It Takes Limited English Proficient Students To Acquire English and Succeed in an All-English Classroom?
- Linquanti, R. (1999). Academic Success for English Language Learners: What Do We Know? West Ed.
Program Alternatives
- Cummins, J. (1992). Beyond Adversarial Discourse: Searching for Common Ground in the Education of Bilingual Students.
- Morrison, Sally (2002). Interactive Language Learning on the Web
- Haas, Mari, (2000). Thematic, Communicative Language Teaching in the K–8 Classroom
- Linguistic Minority Research Institute (2003): Comments on Johanna Haver, Structured English Immersion.
- Hakuta, K., Butler, Y., and Witt, D. (2000). How Long Does It Take English Learners To Attain Proficiency?.
- Linquanti, R. (2001). The Redesignation Dilemma: Challenges and Choices in Fostering Meaningful Accountability for English Learners.
National Center for Research on Cultural Diversity and Second Language Learning
- Cazden, C. (1992). Implications of the Ramírez Report.
Two-Way Immersion
Bilingual Research Journal
- Jong, E. (2002). Effective Bilingual Education: From Theory to Academic Achievement in a Two-Way Bilingual Program.
- Senesac, B. (2002). Two-Way Bilingual Immersion: A Portrait of Quality Schooling
Center for Applied Linguistics
- Directory of Two-Way Bilingual Immersion Programs in the U.S.
- Two-Way Immersion Frequently Asked Questions (2003).
Center for Research on Education, Diversity and Excellence
- Cazabon, M., Nicoladis, E. and Lambert, W. (1998). Becoming Bilingual in the Amigos Two-Way Immersion Program.
- Howard, E. and Christian, Donna. (2002). Designing and Implementing a Two-Way Immersion Education Program at the Elementary Level.
- Montone, C. and Loeb, M. (2000). Implementing Two-Way Immersion Programs in Secondary Schools.
- Thomas, W. and Collier, V. (2002). A National Study of School Effectiveness for Language Minority Students' Long-Term Academic Achievement.
Center for Research on the Education of Students Placed At Risk
- Howard, E., Sugarman, J., Christian, D. (2003). Trends in Two-Way Immersion Education: A Review of the Research.
ERIC Digests
- Lindholm-Leary, K., and Borsato, G. (2002). Impact of Two-Way Immersion on Students' Attitudes Toward School and College.
- Howard, E., Loeb, M. (1998). Their Own Words: Two-Way Immersion Teachers Talk About Their Professional Experiences.
- Howard, E. and Sugarman, J. (2001). Two-Way Immersion Programs: Features and Statistics.
Heritage Language Journal
- Cho, G., Shin, F., and Krashen, S. (2003). What Do We Know about Heritage Languages?.
National Center for Research on Cultural Diversity and Second Language Learning
- Cazabon, M., Lambert, W. and Hall, G. (1993). Two-Way Bilingual Education: A Progress Report on the Amigos Program.
National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education
- Lindholm-Leary, K. (2000). Biliteracy for Global Society: An Idea Book on Dual Language Education.
- Torres-Guzman, M. (2002). Language Programs: Key Features and Results.
- Thomas, W., Collier, V., (1997). School Effectiveness for Language Minority Students.
Case Studies
- California Department of Education-- Case Studies in Bilingual Education Project.
- A National Study of School Effectiveness for Language Minority Students' Long-Term Academic Achievement Final Report: Project 1.1 CREDE, Center for Research on Education, Diversity and Excellence (1996-2001).
Native American Language Education
Northern Arizona University
- Indigenous Languages Across the Community (2002).
- Nurturing Native Languages (2003).
- Revitalizing Indigenous Languages (1999).
- Teaching Indigenous Languages web site U.S. Senate Select Committee on Indian Affairs
- Crawford, James (1998) [http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/JWCRAWFORD/brj.htm Endangered Native American Languages: What Is To Be Done, and Why?
- Crawford, J. (1996). Seven Hypotheses on Language Loss: Causes and Cures
- Karkavelas, Will (2002). Native Language Resources
- Multicultural Education (2003): Directions in Research: Intergenerational Transmission of Heritage Languages
American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages
- Draper, J. and Hicks, J. (2002). Foreign Language Enrollments in Public Secondary Schools, Fall 2000.
Propositions
- Proposition 203 Overview
- Crawford, J. (1999). The Campaign against Proposition 227: A Post Mortem.
Standardized Testing
Portals
- United States Gov: No Child Left Behind
- Rethinking Schools: No Child Left Behind
Articles
- Wright, W. (2002). The Effects of High Stakes Testing in an Inner-City Elementary School.
- Thompson, M. (2002). ¿Exito in California? A Validity Critique of Language Program Evaluations and Analysis of English Learner Test Scores. Education Policy Analysis Archives.
- Coltrane, Bronwyn. (2002). English Language Learners and High-Stakes Tests: An Overview of the Issues.
- Short, D. (2000). The ESL Standards: Bridging the Academic Gap for English Language Learners
- Bond, Linda, (1996). Norm- and Criterion-Referenced Testing
- Tannenbaum, Jo-Ellen (1996). Practical Ideas on Alternative Assessment for ESL Students
- Rivera, C. and LaCelle-Peterson, (1993). Will the National Education Goals Improve the Progress of English Language Learners?
- Rivera,C. and LaCelle-Peterson, (1997). Statewide Assessment Programs: Policies and Practices for the Inclusion of Limited English Proficient Students. ERIC/AE Digest.
ESEA Implementation Guide
- Crawford, James (2002). Programs for English Language Learners (Title III) under No Child Left Behind
- Krashen (2002). [ http://www.sdkrashen.com/articles/dont_trust/dont_trust.pdf Don't Trust Ed Trust]
- False Claims about Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, Skills vs. Whole Language, and Recreational Reading (2003).
- Second Language "Standards for Success": Out of Touch with Language Acquisition Research (2003). National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education.
- De Avila, Edward (1997). Setting Expected Gains for Non and Limited English Proficient Students
- Menken, Kate, (2000). What Are the Critical Issues in Wide-Scale Assessment of English Language Learners.
New York State Department of Education.
- Hakuta, Kenji, et al. (1993). Federal Education Programs for Limited-English-Proficient Students: A Blueprint for the Second Generation.
- The ESL Standards for Pre-K–12 Students Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages (1997).
Advocacy
American Institutes for Research and WestEd
- [Effects of Proposition 227 on the Education of English Learners, K–12:
- Year 1 Report (2001)
- Year 2 Report (2002)
Bilingual Research Journal
- Mcquillan, J. and Tse, L. (1996). Does Research Matter? An Analysis of Media Opinion on Bilingual Education, 1984–1994
- Special Issue on the Implementation of Proposition 227 (2000).
Education Policy Studies Laboratory
- Crawford, James (2003). "Accountability" Versus Science in the Bilingual Education Debate.
- Crawford, James (2003). Hard Sell: Why Is Bilingual Education so Unpopular with the American Public?.
ERIC Digest
- Hakuta, Kenji et al. (2000) What Can We Learn About the Impact of Proposition 227 from SAT-9 Scores? Language Policy Web Site.
- Krashen, S. (1999) Bilingual Education: Arguments for and Bogus Arguments Against.
- Crawford, James, (1998). The Bilingual Education Story: Why Can’t the News Media Get It Right?.
- Crawford, J. (2003). A Few Things Ron Unz Would Prefer You Didn't Know About English Learners in California.
- Krashen, S. (2001). Why Did Test Scores Go up in California? A Response to Unz/Reinhard.
- Gándara, P. And Rumberger, R. (2003). The Inequitable Treatment of English Learners in California Public Schools
- García, A., and Krashen, S. (2004). How Much Do Parents Know about Bilingual Education and Immersion? Reasons for Optimism.
Puerto Rican Legal Defense and Education Fund
- Rappaport, Shelley (2002). Beyond Bilingual Education: Meeting the Needs of English Language Learners in the New York City Public Schools.
Online Publications
- Bilingual Research Journal
- ERIC Digests
- National Clearinghouse for English Language Education
- Center for Applied Linguistics: Databases and Directories.
- Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development: Educational Leadership.
- Educational Policy Analysis Archives
- American Educational Research Association: Educational Researcher
- Education Week
- Center for Applied Linguistics Language Link
- Center for Applied Linguistics News Bulletin
- Center for Applied Linguistics Digests
- Heritage Language Journal
- Intercultural Development Research Association (IDRA) Newsletter
- Teachers of English as a Second Language Internet TESL Journal
- Journal of Educational Issues for Language Minority Students
- Language Magazine
- New York State Association for Bilingual Education (NYSABE) Journal
- Resource Guides Online Center for Applied Linguistics
- Rethinking Schools
- Second Language Studies
- TESL Electronic Journal
- Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages: TESOL Journal and TESOL Quarterly